Since the core is pure Java, you can test business logic without loading an application context or database.
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package com.example.banking.adapters.outbound.persistence; import com.example.banking.domain.model.Account; import com.example.banking.ports.outbound.LoadAccountPort; import com.example.banking.ports.outbound.UpdateAccountStatePort; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Optional; @Component public class AccountPersistenceAdapter implements LoadAccountPort, UpdateAccountStatePort private final SpringDataAccountRepository repository; public AccountPersistenceAdapter(SpringDataAccountRepository repository) this.repository = repository; @Override public Optional loadAccount(Long accountId) return repository.findById(accountId) .map(entity -> new Account(entity.getId(), entity.getBalance())); @Override public void updateAccount(Account account) AccountJpaEntity entity = new AccountJpaEntity(account.getId(), account.getBalance()); repository.save(entity); Use code with caution. Benefits of Hexagonal Architecture in Java Since the core is pure Java, you can
Convert external requests into domain inputs. Examples include Spring @RestController classes, AWS Lambda handlers, or gRPC services. These call the driving ports.
: Implementations of the ports that bridge the gap between the domain model and external systems. package com
: New adapters can be added easily, allowing the application to support multiple interfaces (e.g., CLI, Web, Message Queue). Searching for Further Resources
com.example.app │ ├── domain // Pure Business Logic (No frameworks) │ ├── model │ └── service │ ├── application // Input Ports and Use Cases │ └── port │ └── in │ ├── infrastructure // Output Ports (Driven) & Adapters │ ├── adapter │ │ ├── in (web) │ │ └── out (persistence) │ └── port │ └── out │ └── config // Dependency Injection (Spring/Quarkus) Use code with caution. Example: A Simple Order Service These call the driving ports
: You can access all the example code and architectural diagrams for free on the official GitHub repository. Is It Right for You?
com.example.myapp │ ├── domain/ <-- The Inside (No external frameworks) │ ├── model/ <-- Pure business objects (e.g., Order, User) │ └── exception/ <-- Domain-specific exceptions │ ├── ports/ <-- The Gatekeepers │ ├── inbound/ <-- Use cases called by controllers (e.g., CreateOrderUseCase) │ └── outbound/ <-- Interfaces for external systems (e.g., OrderRepositoryPort) │ └── infrastructure/ <-- The Outside ├── adapters/ │ ├── inbound/ <-- REST Controllers, CLI, GraphQL │ └── outbound/ <-- Database repositories, HTTP clients, Mail senders └── config/ <-- Spring dependency injection wiring Use code with caution. Step-by-Step Java Implementation
Contains pure business logic, domain models, and business rules. It has zero dependencies on databases, frameworks, or transport layers.
This class contains core business rules and has no annotations from JPA or Hibernate.